Jim Crow Laws free essay sample

Jim Crow Laws The Jim Crow Laws were basically laws that lowered the class of the black population. These strict anti black laws made it legal for white people to practice racists behaviors. For example, whites and blacks could not share common things like a bathroom or water fountain. The Jim Crow laws, in my opinion, were one of the main causes of racism as we know it today. Since it was the law to treat blacks differently, kids grew up thinking this is how im suppose to act. Therefore it became sort of a common way of life. Because of racist discrimination black people didnt ave the same rights as whites and these rights included an equal education. According to the Jim crow laws of Missouri, Separate free schools shall be established for the education of children of African descent; and it shall be unlawful for any colored child to attend any white school, or any white child to attend a colored school. We will write a custom essay sample on Jim Crow Laws or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (examples 1 . )Therefore white children and black children were never in the same learning environment. This prevented black students from excelling beyond the whites keeping the social status of the blacks at a lower class. Due to the act that students and parents who attend private schools look down on those who attend public schools, leads me to believe that discrimination still exists today, Just in a different form. Booker T Washington was born April 5, 1856 in Backcounty Virginia, and became a well known leader in the African American community. He fought for desegregation in the schools and published his autobiography in 1901 called Up From Slavery. Booker was awarded a scholar from the Atlanta university. Booker has made a difference in segregation by standing up for what he believed in. In 1900, he founded The National Negro Business League which promoted the commercial and financial development of the negro (national 1) not only did he fight for desegregation in schools, but Booker also wrote and published his autobiography up from slavery in 1901. Maurice Lucas tells how the white people were so determined to not let the blacks vote. The whites would put things in their food to make them spend the whole day in the bathroom. Personally I thought that it was unfair for the whites not to accept the black peoples right to vote. Maurice Lucas expressed his opinion on the whites ecause they would not let the black people vote. With ugly truth, Lucas explains the lengths to which white people went in order to prevent blacks from voting, even to the point of poisoning an entire population. (rise 1 feel it was unfair treatment for the blacks to be so cruel by poisoning them. The rosewood massacre took place in rosewood, Florida in 1922 this riot accrued because a lady named Fannie Taylor said that she was sexually assaulted by a man. A group of whites started searching the town for a black man named Jessie Hunter who was an escaped prisoner.

Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time Essays

Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time Essays Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time Essay Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time Essay Composer’s use their text to portray concerns which they see valid to their own contextual society. They do this in order to illuminate specific events hardships or warnings which they believe are essentially important to the human’s existence. Mark Haddon’s composition of ‘The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time’ is lightly critical in portraying the concerns for society that Haddon holds and through his various and literary and dramatic techniques. Mark Haddon’s novel has accurately achieved his goal of installing knowledge in his audience. Haddon believes that the people of his society do not have a sufficient understanding of the troubles faced by those with a disability and here ‘The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time’ is used to inform the audience of these hardships. Haddon portrays the concept that simply treating someone with a disability differently will not help them but that an understanding of their life is the answer. Haddon has achieved this through the use of personalization and descriptive language â€Å"Christopher is getting a crap enough deal already† this highlights Haddon’s concern that people do not understand what people with disabilities must endure and hence are only making their lives worse. Haddon further portrays this knowledge through the use of irony showing how when kids get forced to ‘special schools’ for help it really only makes it worse, â€Å"†¦sometimes the children down the street†¦shout ‘special needs, special needs! †. This is used by Haddon to show to his audience that treating disabled people as ‘special’ and ‘different’ is wrong and that we must learn to understand that they are more similar than different. Haddon’s use of the novel has achieved his goal in expressing his concern to his audience. The great use of imagery and graphs provided the audience with the information of the importance and knowledge of just how Christopher’s life style really is with Asperger’s syndrome Mark Haddon expresses the importance of family relationships within society itself. He does this through the clear and perfect understanding of the deficiency and absence of love portrayed between his parents and himself. Christopher’s suffering of Asperser’s syndrome is transparent towards his parents as they find it difficult to react to Christopher’s behavior. Both parents had to deal with Christopher’s persistent obsession with mathematics, numbers (prime numbers used throughout the beginning of every chapter) as their son is a single minded human being with and extraordinary talent faced upon factual data that only he can obtain as many cannot. Christopher’s mother is an important factor among his life as he is told a lie from his father about his mother passing from cancer. But in fact from the hard troubled arguments from the relationship of his parents towards each other, Judy decides to leave without Christopher knowing. â€Å"I was not a very good mother, Christopher. Maybe if things had been different, maybe if you had been different, I might have been better at it. † This quote from his mother implies how she found it difficult to obtain Christopher’s life style as she wasn’t strong enough to do so. Throughout the novel Christopher’s relationship with his father becomes more distant as they lies have come out and the killing of an innocent dog. â€Å"Father said, â€Å"We all make mistakes, Christopher. You, me, your mother, everyone. And sometimes they’re really big mistakes. We’re only human. † Christopher continuingly disappoints both his parents’ attempts to parent him well as they do not abandon him. His father constantly attempts to set right their relationship towards Christopher as he faces his son’s silence. Christopher’s mother on the other hand does not take long to sort out her troubled priorities in London and chooses to take Christopher over the father. At the end of the novel the reader feels that Christopher will have the support of his parents for a very long time. The composer Haddon as used a great use of emotional and truthful knowledge among the society through Christopher’s case and this is achieved throughout the novel itself. Haddon persuades the important quality of Truth throughout the novel towards the direction of our society. Christopher’s obsession with truth is organized among the world through his perceptions on the basis. During the story as he feels secure, he needs order and certainty, and facts and logic provide this security. Christopher feels the need to be ‘scared’ and yet ‘shaky’ towards the things that didn’t happen which makes him feel insecure etc. ‘Metaphors’ are a language technique in which Christopher cannot understand. He believes metaphors bring lies towards society as they are false stories and fiction falls within the limits of lies. Christopher accepts ‘similes’ as this technique provides truthfulness and they also emphasize the appearance of what two things have in common. With the acceptation of hard facts within Christopher’s life he refuses to obtain the knowledge and believe of god and the afterlife. Christopher says that he ‘can’t tell lies’. This is the way he truthfully copes with life itself and the imaginary events which fill him with ‘the infinite number of things’. Christopher then pushes the boundaries of lying to himself through continuing the investigation when he told people for example his father he would stop. His father then tends to find out with the quote of â€Å"you knew exactly what you were doing†. During the novel we find out as well as Christopher that his mother is true in fact alive. This is a great impact among Christopher as he hates lying as he quotes â€Å"A lie is when you say something happened which didn’t happen. † Another quote is â€Å"I do not tell lies. Mother used to say that this was because I was a good person†¦it is because I can’t tell lies. † The repetition of ‘And’ creates a sense of comfort and security for Christopher as well as number of rituals. The great use of ‘And’ provides Christopher with the ability to recount every information he has accounted. As for me it is annoying to read but the fact that Christopher has a good memory for speech is observed. One of the rituals Christopher obsesses with is the observation of cars on the way to school as he organizes them into red meaning good and brown and yellow meaning bad. He implies this to his normal day routine. So if he sees a red car he will have a good/normal day but if he sees a brown or yellow he knows his day isn’t going to go too well. Mr. Jevons asked me whether this made me feel safe, having things always in nice order and I said I did† The justification he gives for using these rituals is formed on the ‘scared’ and ‘shaky’ responses which mean that his great need to impose order on a lack of a word is in use. Christopher believes telling the truth is an important aspect among lives as he is revealed that his fath er killed Wellington the dog and told him that his mother had passed which makes Christopher become very frightened of his father. Christopher flees in terror as he quotes â€Å"†¦he could murder me, because I couldn’t trust him, even though he said, ‘trust me’, because he had told a lie about a big thing† The composer achieves real aspects of telling the truth and telling a lie which happens on a normally daily basis. Mark Haddon achieves the knowledge of Asperger’s Syndrome throughout the novel and how it can be present towards a society/community. Christopher is an isolated individual who does not have friends. He sees ‘strangers’ whom he does not like because he has not met them before which some people in the society also believe in with or without the syndrome Christopher suffers. When he is strained and situated among many different people in the underground tunnel, Christopher feels the need to be stressed, alone, isolated to the point of having headaches as he reads signs which form different words in which confuse him. With the ability to travel by himself to London reveals that Christopher can cope with his anti-social behavior as he can keep it under control when necessary. Christopher knows this will happen as he is wanting to go to university with his ‘A level’ achievement in school and to have a career after that. This is a society with a bunch of people Christopher does not appear to know at all which pushes his boundaries. â€Å"And then I will get a First Class Honors Degree and I will become a scientist. † Christopher says. Christopher accepts the fact that he may be isolated and lonely but this does not affect his future he envisages for himself. Christopher creates his own world of society which he believes there are people who ‘are all special like me’ and these people also ‘like being on their own’. Christopher will gradually learn ways to function within a society but he must take many ‘first’ steps to achieve this. His dream is to live within a society whom will not judge nor criticize him as he wants to be himself. Mark Haddon includes many examples of which Christopher attempts to cope with a confusing world known as the society. These include graphs, lists, diagrams, flow charts and maps. All of these visual techniques give the reader the ability to see Christopher’s coping life style. Christopher’s confidence of truthful matter, in logic and facts, does not defend him from the real society. His many efforts to pursue the truth of Wellington’s murder results in the discovery of his understanding with the world as it is based on a lie. Christopher also learns that although he likes to have things â€Å"in a nice order†, real life is often very deranged, and he cannot always control this. By the end of the novel the composer achieves Christopher’s balance as he returns to normal life, he is regained both parents and has the knowledge that he has coped in difficult circumstances. Mark Haddon achieves the novel with great aspects of this and portrays the actual concerns among a society.

Bridgeton Industries Essay Example for Free

Bridgeton Industries Essay 1. Describe the competitive environment for Bridgeton as well as the cost accounting system currently in use. When foreign competition and scarce, expensive gasoline began to play an important role in the market, Bridgeton began to lose domestic market share. The ACF Bridgeton plant faced new challenges in their production that led them to serious cutbacks like the closing of the ACF plant for manufacture of fuel-efficient diesel engines. By 1987, they classified their products in terms of â€Å"world class† competitive position and potential. With four criteria (quality, customer service, technical capability and competitive cost position) they classified their products in Class I (remain), II (observe) and III (outsource). The classification allowed Bridgeton to take decisions on how to better manage their products performance compared to their competitors. The cost accounting system was product costing, a mixed between job costing and process costing. 2. Explain why manifolds moved from Class II to Class III after oil pans and muffler-exhaust systems had been outsourced from the ACF. Despite improvements in the production process manifolds were downgraded from Class II to III. The results were not sufficient, even though they increased the uptime from an average of 30% to 65% they were behind their Japanese competitors that reached a â€Å"world class† goal of 80% uptime. In addition, as seen in Exhibit 2, the direct material costs for manifolds (based on stainless steel) is extremely high as a percentage of sales (around 40%) compared to the other products manufactured at ACF and at a better Class level. However, there was a doubt on this move due to the possibility of new market requirements for lighter weight (more efficient manifolds). This represented a good opportunity for ACF because as they manufactured manifolds with stainless steel, demand could increase and therefore selling price too. Bridgeton Industries. (2017, Feb 11).

Behavioral Expectations and Consequences Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Behavioral Expectations and Consequences - Essay Example As Emmer, Evertson, & Worsham (2006) elaborate, students have to train their mental ability to relate and come up with viable explanations, while the teacher may offer warm up questions at the beginning of any period. Each students will then be asked to explain to the class what they think are the happenings in the picture. Each student has to answer. Activity 2. Students will be required to write a story about any social setting that they presume is peaceful, clean and that would enhance harmony and favorable living, whether real or out of their creativity. The teacher will offer the class specific time during the lesson to discuss as a group and then write individual essays after reading through stories of a good and bad communal living or set up. Students will then use the knowledge gained to write their own understanding of what a good place has to be. Emmer, Evertson, & Worsham (2006) argue that students in their early education have to learn to formulate important social proble ms and questions in locating and analyzing important data and knowledge. Such will portray students have a connection with their social and communal environments. Expected Behavior Activity 1 Emmer, Evertson, & Worsham (2006) explains, procedures communicate behavior expectations that apply to specific activity. Students will be required to portray the use of thinking in promoting understanding. Every child will be expected to offer a viable explanation touching on a social issue and elaborate on the possible causes of this issue. The student will be expected to behave confidently, have the courage to speak before other students effectively and portray integration of learned concepts in their arguments. The student though may repeat what their peers say will be expected to offer additional information to portray understanding of certain social issues. The student will be expected to show connection with picture shown in that they will be expected to show interests in diverse social issues and expound on the same. No student will be allowed to sit, refuse to speak, or repeat exactly what their peer say without additional information regarding the social setting as constructed in their minds. Expected Behavior Activity 2 Student will be expected to portray ability to write logical explanations of a social setting. Student will be expected to interact closely in groups and talk with low tones. Students will be expected to ask questions to the teacher whenever they are in doubts or for clarification, and have to participate effectively in these groups. Each student will in addition be expected to have finished by the time the teacher assumes appropriate, and hand in the writing for marking before the class ends. To portray excitement and interests, student will be expected to discuss briefly with their next peers after the teacher collets their books. Out of Class Activity Activity 1 Students will be required to go around their homes or community after school, not e and write down any pollution they observe in these areas. Students will indentify the specific causes of pollution and the possible effects it may have on the environment or people, and how the problem may be solved. Students will particularly be required to detail at least 10 pollution causes as observed in their areas and note how they are caused and how they can be prevented. Students will however not expect to go into much

Anything related to Security systems, police, prosecutors, courts, Scholarship Essay

Anything related to Security systems, police, prosecutors, courts, correction, and juvenile justice - Scholarship Essay Example Critics, however, often point to research that indicates the assurance of results of punishment in deterrence, rather than its severity (Simpson, 1976). Criminal behavior in the youths or the juveniles is a relentless and invasive problem in the society of United States of America. Crimes by the juveniles comprise of about 42% of the individuals arrested for major crimes, including burglary, murder and rape with an increased rate of juvenile incarceration that reflects that of the adults.   The youths comprise a predominantly disadvantage sector of the population in America which has greatly been neglected by the society and the written law and eventually creating a social and economic costs implications to the economy of America.   The core sources of juvenile delinquency need an immediate addressing, funds should be availed, mechanisms of effective rehabilitation should be devised and these programs provided to the severely underserved youth population (Hinton et.al 2007).   Ã‚      Many crimes are committed by the minorities and the crimes incline more to the people of low incomes compared to the same case with the wealthy individuals. With the high rate of poverty and unemployment, insufficient family and neighborhood support has resulted to juveniles opting for crimes to attain means of survival. Time spend in the prisons just accounts for the credibility in the streets of US instead of segregating the youths from their society (Fox, 1996). The juvenile justice system in US has responded to legislative decisions that have made a shift from an emphasis on rehabilitation, to a more punitive focus, characterized by stricter laws and harsher punishments. During the Progressive Era back in 1860s, a separate juvenile justice system was established in US that emphasized on rehabilitating specific needs of the individual youth. However, cases of juvenile crime became rampant over time and in 1980s

Job Satisfaction, Work Attitude Essay Example for Free

Job Satisfaction, Work Attitude Essay As stated by Black (2001), teachers’ stress is rising due to such factors as greater time constraints, low salaries, excessive work overloads, lack of involvement in decision – making and problems with school disciplines. Teachers suffer, due to in part of to the low-pay-high-cost-of-living gap. Decisions handed from the top down leave teachers feeling like more trainers than educators. Teaching in low performing schools should be a rewarding experience, yet these schools are labelled failures. These are confounded as some educators are seen publicly lambasting others. The education community is on edge. With all the finger pointing and name calling, it is a wonder teacher can push this negativism out of their minds while they turn their full attention on their students (Nichols, 2006). Furthermore, a nationwide survey conducted by the Rural Editorial Service of the University of Chicago reported in July 2006 that job satisfaction depends also such factors as the community’s attitude toward them and the schools, the quality of educational leadership, the amount of responsibility granted to teachers, adequate housing facilities, teacher welfare benefits, and others. In point of fact, there were signal improvements in teachers’ conditions of service throughout the year. New or liberalized retirement plans were authorized by well over half the states, and class registrations were reduced to thirty in Maryland and Arkansas. In the Philippines, one of the major problems in the Department of Education is the shortage of trained and competent teachers. Major reason of this shortfall is that a number of trained teachers turn to other types of employment and some went abroad for greater employment opportunity. Generally, as observed that some teachers are disillusioned, demoralized and confused at being forced to carry out unpopular Government policies, while being constantly blamed for the society’s ills. Some factors might have created dissatisfaction amongst teachers will probably include references to discipline problems created by unruly pupils, class sizes, the introduction of the National Curriculum, and lowered professional status. Additional factors also include level of salaries and benefits, increased work-related pressures, like having too many forms to be filled up, the here and now changes of different proposed programs of the department, the concern over employment security like the most recently problem on the Government Security Insurance System (GSIS) and lessening support for education on the part of political opportunities. As someone who has spent many years working as a schoolteacher at the same time a School In – charge in one of the schools in Davao City, and had continually work closely with teachers especially in the schools in the interland. I have observe that some teachers are somewhat fed up with having to teach children in even larger classes, working in schools which are dilapidated, underfunded and overstretched. Taking in to account that most of these teachers are working away from their home and family and could only go home weekly, or the least once a month due to the distance of the schools they are assigned. However, districts located in the hinterland such as Paquibato, had most number of teacher applicants every year. Reason of this scenario could be the fact that many teachers are applying for transfer to the nearby schools after a one or two years of service and that applicant could be hired easily. Nevertheless, some teachers had tenured in this district up to their retirement period and some had flourished and raised their professional status and positions. The ground for conducting this study is that it is intended to shed light on what influences how teachers feel about their work and profession so that positive job-related attitudes may be cultivated. Theoretical Background The Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, a motivation theory, laid the foundation for job satisfaction theory. It is founded in the premise that goals or needs underpin by being the fundamental source of all desires. This theory explains that people seek to satisfy five specific needs in life – physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, self-esteem needs, and self-actualization. In the levels of the five basic needs, the person does not feel the second need until the demands of the first have been satisfied, nor the third until the second has been satisfied, and so on (Evan,2010). According to Hackman Oldham (2007), Frederick Herzberg’s Two factor theory (also known as Motivator Hygiene Theory) attempts to explain satisfaction and motivation in the workplace. This theory states that satisfaction and dissatisfaction are driven by different factors – motivation and hygiene factors, respectively. An employee’s motivation to work is continually related to job satisfaction of a subordinate. Motivation can be seen as an inner force that drives individuals to attain personal and organizational goals. Motivating factors are those aspects of the job that make people want to perform, and provide people with satisfaction, for example achievement in work, recognition, promotion opportunities. These motivating factors are considered to be intrinsic to the job, or the work carried out. Hygiene factors include aspects of the working environment such as pay, company policies, supervisory practices, and other working conditions. However, Path-Goal Theory contends that the leader must motivate subordinates by: (1) emphasizing the relationship between the subordinates own needs and the organizational goals; (2) clarifying and facilitating the path subordinates must take to fulfill their own needs as well as the organizations needs (google. com,2010) Another well-known job satisfaction theory is the Dispositional Theory (Jackson April 2007). Accordingly, it is a very general theory that suggests that people have innate dispositions that cause them to have tendencies toward a certain level of satisfaction, regardless of one’s job. This approach became a notable explanation of job satisfaction in light of evidence that job satisfaction tends to be stable over time and across careers and jobs. Moreover, a significant model that narrowed the scope of the Dispositional Theory was the Core Self-evaluations Model, proposed by Timothy A. Judge in 1998. Judge argued that there are four Core Self-evaluations that determine one’s disposition towards job satisfaction: self-esteem, general self-efficacy, locus of control, and neuroticism. This model states that higher levels of self-esteem (the value one places on his/her self) and general self-efficacy (the belief in one’s own competence) lead to higher work satisfaction. Having an internal locus of control (believing one has control over herhis own life, as opposed to outside forces having control) leads to higher job satisfaction. Finally, lower levels of neuroticism lead to higher job satisfaction (Wikipedia,2010). Evans (2001), gives eight stages progression for a teacher moving from a modest level of job satisfaction towards a higher level of job satisfaction towards which is helpful. These are the following: first is being aware that there is a problem. Being aware that there is an issue, and agreeing what issue is, is by far the most important aspect of seeking to change a situation. Then devising a strategy. Once they know what the issue is that they are addressing they can start work on devising a strategy to solve it. It is followed by effecting the new strategy. It means that once they have decided what to do, they have to start work on implementing this strategy. Fourth stage is awareness of having made changes work. This implies that there is excellent communication in school. Next stage is perception that this is all worthwhile. By this stage everyone needs to start feeling better about the work being undertaken. Then sixth stage is each teacher needs to feel good about his or her own contribution to the scheme of change. In this way, teachers become not only positive about the change programme, but they also see their contribution as being significant. Seventh is a sense of achievement. This comes from the feeling of a job well done. Lastly is job fulfilment and job comfort. By this stage teachers feel good about themselves and about the job and most important about their ability to affect their meaningful way. However, according to Weis, (2010) job satisfaction can also be seen within the broader context of the range of issues which affect an individuals experience of work, or their quality of working life. Job satisfaction can be understood in terms of its relationships with other key factors, such as general well-being, stress at work, control at work, home-work interface, and working conditions. Stress as defined by Hans Selye, is the non-specific response of the body to any demand made upon it. It is not nervous tension, but the wear and tear of life. Stress describes the effects of the body’s reaction to pressure. The source of stress, called stressor, may be purely physical, social, or psychological. The mind may interpret it as pleasant or unpleasant. Whatever meaning it gives, the mind sends it via two pathways. One pathway, is known as the subconscious appraisal pathway, is responsible for the physical and emotional reflexes of the body. The other pathway, responsible for voluntary actions, is used for perception, evaluation, and decision – making. In this other pathway, the individual is made aware of the environmental demands. As he perceives his situation, he interprets it according to his previous experiences, value system, self-concept, ego-strengths, attitudes and feelings. Emotions are usually aroused which in turn give color to the person’s interpretation (Fabella, 2008). According to Good Health Handbook, life and stress are interwoven with each other. It depends on how you view life and how stress affects you. Stress is a highly individual phenomenon. It is strange in its own way – because when it occurs it becomes difficult for the body and mind to adjust to the pattern of life. However, Fabella stated in his book, that stress can be minimized and channelled for growth and development, and life can be filled with joy, peace, love and security. He added accordingly, that stress- resilient people have been observed to have a specific set of attitudes toward life- an openness to change, a feeling of involvement in whatever they are doing, and a sense of control over events. He further said that man who places his entire self in the sphere of work neglecting love (family) and play (sports, hobbies, socializing, friendships) decreases his overall adaptability. If he defines his existence in terms of achievement in his work, he will find that if for external reasons (i,e. , poor health) or boredom ( loss of interest or loss of faith in his employer) his work loses meaning, then so will his life. He will become demoralized, confused, and unable to function. Mayo Clinic stated that there is a link between work approach and job satisfaction. Work is often approached from three perspectives. Usually all three perspectives are important for job satisfaction, but one is often the priority: First is, Its a job. If you approach work as a job, you focus primarily on the financial rewards. In fact, the nature of the work may hold little interest for you. Whats important is the money. If a job with more pay comes your way, youll likely move on. Next is, Its a career. If you approach work as a career, youre interested in advancement. You want to climb the career ladder as far as possible or be among the most highly regarded professionals in your field. Youre motivated by the status, prestige and power that come with the job. The third is, Its a calling. If you approach your job as a calling, you focus on the work itself. You work less for the financial gain or career advancement than for the fulfillment the work brings. One approach isnt necessarily better than the others. But it is helpful to reflect on why work if unsatisfied with the job and are ready to move on. Think about what originally drew on the current job, and whether it may be a factor in lack of job satisfaction. Additionally, the Clinic noted several ways to increase job satisfaction depending on the underlying cause of the lack of job satisfaction. One is by Improving job skills. Keeping abreast to the new strategies and techniques, and by attending seminars. Developing a new project also helps. Working on something one care about can boost confidence. Mentoring a co-worker. Once a job is mastered, it is a becoming routine. Helping a new co-worker or an intern advance his or her skills can restore the challenge and the satisfaction you desire. However, when personal abilities do not match the responsibilities, boredom will attack. Keep in mind that boredom can literally be deadly if a job involves working with machinery or caring for people, much more on dealing with children. If the mind is wandering to the point that a life or the lives of others is put in jeopardy, take action now. Stay positive. Use positive thinking to reframe thoughts about the job. Changing one’s attitude about work will not necessarily happen overnight or increase job satisfaction overnight. Stop negative thoughts. Put things in perspective. Look for the silver lining. Reframing can help find the good in a bad situation. Learn from mistakes. Failure is one of the greatest learning tools, but many people let failure defeat them. Be grateful. Gratitude can help focus on whats positive about the job.

Gabriel Garcia Marquez Essay -- essays research papers

Gabriel Gà ¡rcia Mà ¡rquez Gabriel Josà © Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez was born on March 6, 1928 in Aracataca, a town in Northern Colombia, where he was raised by his maternal grandparents in a house filled with countless aunts and the rumors of ghosts. But in order to get a better grasp on Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez's life, it helps to understand something first about both the history of Colombia and the unusual background of his family. Colombia Colombia won its independence from Spain in 1810, technically making it one of Latin America's oldest democracies, but the sad fact is that this "democracy" has rarely known peace and justice. In the beginning, there was of course Spain and the Indians, happily hating each other as the Spaniards tore the land up in quest for gold, El Dorado, religious converts, and political power. The English, too, played their part, with Drake attacking Riohachi in 1568 and the countless colonial squabbles of the next few centuries. Declaring itself independent from Spain when Napoleon ousted the Spanish King in 1810, the new country experienced a brief period of freedom and then was quickly reconquered in 1815 by the unpleasant and bloody campaigns of General Murillo. So much did their internal bickering allow their fledgling country to fall to the sword of Murillo, the period is immortalized in Colombia's history with the colorful name of la Patria Boba, or "The Booby Fatherland." Round two, however, fell to the Colombians, when Simà ³n Bolà ­var reliberated the country in 1820 and became its very first president. In 1849, the country was sufficiently advanced enough to con cretize their squabbling in the form of two political parties, the Liberals and the Conservatives, who exist to this day. These two parties form the political framework for much of Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez's fiction, and understanding their true natures is both a key to his writing and, unfortunately, an important insight to Latin American politics in general. Although initially forming around the nucleus of two distinct and different ideologies, long years of bloody conflict have served to significantly erode the distinctions between the parties. The Conservatives and the Liberals are more like warring factions or clans than any parties with firmly established and radically different ideologies. Both tend to be repressive, both are corrupt, and bot... ... and in the same year he wrote Viva Sandino, a screenplay about the Sandanistas and the Nicaraguan Revolution. Politics, however, would be far from his mind for his next work of fiction, which would be a love story. Turning again to his rich past for inspiration and material, he reworked his parent's strange courtship into the form of a decade-spanning narrative. The story would be about two frustrated lovers and the long tome between their second courtship, and in 1986 Love in the Time of Cholera was unveiled to the anxious world. It was highly received, and there was no question that Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez had become a writer with universal appeal. By now one of the most famous writers in the world, he eased into a lifestyle of writing, teaching, and political activism. With residences in Mexico City, Cuernavaca, Paris, Barcelona, and Barranquilla, he finished the decade by publishing The General in his Labyrinth in 1990, and two years later Strange Pilgrims was born. In 1994 he published his most recent work of fiction, Love and Other Demons. Today, Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez lives with Mercedes in Mexico City, where he has quit smoking and is in the perpetual state of "writing a novel."

Leadership in Nursing Administration

Leadership is found to be an important factor in the administration of nursing practice, since this practice of nursing requires the leading practioners to be consistent and have knowledge to inspire and encourage others in the working environment through which an individual can provide a better health care in the nursing profession. The qualities for a good leader in this profession include; having a vision, collaborating with others, should have good communication skills. (Grohar and DiCroce, 2002)Research indicates that the nursing professions carry a number of responsibilities shared among staff in a particular health provision center. Under this we find that different ranks of nurses are given different responsibilities, whereby the Executive nurse in any health organization is given the mandatory to ensure that the organization he is working with is provided with a kind leadership that proves to be visionary to the nursing services provided. He is also has the authority to upli ft the standards of nursing set in the organization. The executive nurses’ obligations are therefore meant to monitor the operations of the nursing team under him in the organization, thus enhancing a better involvement of the nurses in making decisions affecting the management of the organization thus enabling teamwork among the workers. (Grohar and DiCroce, 2002)There are also other types of nurses in the line of leadership in the nursing administration such as the clinical nurse managers whose responsibility is to coordinate and manage the nursing practices in the organization. Nurse Managers also organize and plan giving health care to a large number of people and bringing quality results such as development of staff, strategic planning and care management.Research within the framework of nursing management and leadership has shown that the practices for managerial nurses has changed as a result of good payment, reduced number of people being admitted and reducing the per iod of stay in the nursing profession.Nursing administrators   have also taken additional responsibilities due to extended nursing care such as mobile health care, outpatient clinics and surgi-centers.The responsibilities include negotiating for contracts, looking for supportive services and managing services in other displines are related to nursing profession (Radcliffe, 2000)Nursing administration includes a number of different leadership and management practices such as consumer’s likes and dislikes, political changes, atmosphere in the market, which brings changes in the health care systems. Nurse administrators have different levels of education which include masters of Science in nursing, masters of health administration, certificates of science in nursing and self-study.Since the nursing administration involves the interaction of the nursing practitioner with the clients, it requires one to have an enormous knowledge in communication and an artistic mind that will p ermit the administrator to raise and solve issues in an effective manner. This calls for the people interested in leadership in nursing profession to have the professional approach in ensuring that his or her obligation is well executed. The administrator has to carry out a health care plan which is usually formed using nursing procedures. The first step requires the administrator involved to get information about the subject matter after which he or she looks in to the problem and the possible solutions he then gives orders and the way forward to the people under him so that the problem is solved. (Radcliffe, 2000)A leader in the nursing profession should be able to maintain a good relationship with the professional nurses to avoid them leaving the profession due the feelings of inadequacy, oppression, stress, disempowerment, intimidation, undermining and insubordination. Other factors in care hospitals such as low morale, heavier workloads, reduced resources, can contribute to poo r performance in the profession hence leaving the profession. It is of great essence that the above issues are taken in to consideration in order to retain the nurses and give them morale to work well and administer effective health care. (Sullivan and Decker1997)A wide category of nursing administration is seen in different fields which include: psychology, research in nursing, health care administration, clinical nursing, social sciences and medicine in general. Ways through which leadership and management are carried out is largely borrowed from business administration so it is highly recommended for nurse administrators to be conversant with business and social science materials. A nurse administrator also should be able to intermingle with other health professionals who are believed to be of higher rank and with great experience so that they can be able to learn from them.A leader in the nursing profession should also be a person who has enough experience in the nursing field. He should be conversant with what happens in the field and daily changes which occur for the benefit of those receiving the nursing services. He should be able to interact with all the people who are under him. An administrator should also be able to seek advice and get suggestions from other administrators from different places whom they hold the same position.Leadership and management should be taken as a collective endeavor and responsibility for every one. It should be shared among all the nursing administration and the nurses themselves regardless of their positions because they have responsibility of correcting the challenging factors in the nursing profession. Good administration of leadership in the nursing profession makes it easier and effective to give good services to those who require nursing services thus preventing risks and illness which may lead to death and achieving and maintaining a better health status for a healthy society. (Sullivan and Decker1997)Reference:Gr ohar M and DiCroce H (2002), Leadership and Management in Nursing, Third edition,Prentice-Hall Upper Saddle RiverRadcliffe M (2000), Doctors & nurses, new game same result. British medical journalSullivan E and Decker J (1997): Effective Leadership & Management in Nursing. Addison Wesley, Menlo Park, CA

Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice

Running head: APPLYING ETHICAL FRAMEWORKS IN PRACTICE Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Grand Canyon University Ethical Decision Making in Health Care NRS-437v April 14, 2013 Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice As a nurse it is common knowledge that patient confidentiality is of up most importance. We learn this in nursing school as it is part of the Nursing Code of Ethics and it is a nurse’s duty to keep patient information confidential. (American Nurses Association, 2012).There are however, extenuating circumstances that may require and be appropriate for a nurse to break this rule. As a matter of fact, the nurse could be held responsible if harm came to the patient because she did not speak out. If a patient presents to the ER because he needs stitches in his wrist and tells the nurse that he wants to or was attempting suicide the nurse has a duty to report this and find help for the patient, or possibly the spread of sexually transmitted diseases that are require d by law to report.This paper will provide an overview of ethical implications of a breach of confidentiality, an ethical theory, and alternatives to breaching confidentiality using the framework of ethical decision making and the use and role of an ethics committee. Nurses are entrusted with very private information from patients and along with this the patient expects and the law requires this to be kept confidential The patient gives this information assuming and trusting that the information will be kept private and only used for medical treatment.A breach of confidentiality comes in when the patients’ information has been disclosed to a third party that is not directly involved in the patients care or given without appropriate consent from the patient. (American Medical Association, 2013). Confidentiality should always be maintained except in cases that the law requires reporting or where more harm may come to the patient by respecting this commitment. Some ethical impli cations that may arise as part of breaching patient confidentiality include loosing the trust and respect of our patient and you may cause increased harm to your patient by providing information to a third party that is not required by law. In an article â€Å"Bioethics on NBC’s ER: Betraying Trust or Providing Good Care? When is it OK to Break Confidentiality? † The nurse caused more harm than good by divulging information to the girls’ school. If she would have called the school informing them of knowledge regarding risky and potentially harmful behavior it would have made it ethical. However, the appropriate action was action was taken in the decision to notify the girl’s parents about the cervical cancer.This prevented further harm or death to the child. In this circumstance the ethical theory that would be appropriate is utilitarianism. In utilitarianism, balance is the key. The majority should benefit using this theory. (Purtilo & Doherty, 2011). In this case if the nurse had chosen not to inform the minor child’s parent more harm would have came to the child than good. She may not have received the appropriate care for her condition until it was too late and the cancer had spread.In breaching the confidentiality the nurse created a balance by preventing further harm than necessary to her patient even though she broke the trust that her patient had in the nurse. The nurse however, did not cause a balance that worked towards a greater good when she called the girls school and notified them about the sex parties. She could have let the girl remain anonymous and that would have prevented the majority of the problem. In the nurses attempt to prevent further harm to other children, she actually put her original patient at greater risk by notifying the school and divulging too much information.Using Uustals model of ethical decision making one can find the steps to make ethical and moral decisions to dilemmas that may arise ( Grand Canyon University, 2013). In step one this is where the problem is recognized. The problem in the previously discussed case was that the nurse fought herself on whether or not to disclose the information to the girls parents regarding the cervical cancer diagnosis and on whether or not she should inform the school regarding the sex parties taking place. In the second step the nurse had to identify her own person values as they pertained to the problem at hand.In this case she respected the minors rights but knew not telling would cause further harm and she felt like informing the school could also prevent further spread of STD’s to other students. In the third step the nurse must consider the factors that relate to the problem at hand and consider alternatives to resolve the dilemma. In this situation the factors are breaching confidentiality or protecting the patient from further harm by keeping the information confidential and the patient not being able to receive app ropriate treatment for cancer.Alternatives would have been for the nurse to educate the patient on the importance of getting treatment and possible assisting the patient in informing her parents and the other would have been for the nurse to report to the school that she had knowledge of the sex parties and keeping the names confidential. The fourth step would have been for this nurse to review and categorize the alternatives to come to a conclusion of the alternatives and to decide what is consistent or inconsistent with her own person values.If the patient had been given the option of telling her parents herself this would have been consistent with the nurses values as long as the parents were informed and the patient received appropriate care. Not telling the parents was inconsistent with her values. The fifth step is predicting possible outcomes. If the patients informed her own parents confidentiality would not be breached, therefore; no harm would be caused to the nurse patien t relationship.The sixth step is to find appropriate alternatives from the greatest importance to the least. In this case the patient could have been given the option of informing her own parent and the least desirable option was the nurse telling the parents without the patient’s knowledge. The seventh step is developing an action plan. After giving the minor the option to inform her own parents and she still decided not to tell then the nurse should take actions in her own hands and inform the parents to prevent further harm to the patient.The eighth step is implementation. The plan should have been for the nurse to educate the patient and assist her in telling the patients parents regarding her new diagnosis. The final step is evaluate the action plan. Confidentiality was breached when informing the patients parents but to prevent further harm, however; the school did not need to be given names the nurse should have simply notified the school of her knowledge. There are et hics committees in place to assist with situations such as this.These committees are in place and help support patients rights, and assist clinicians with decision making. They assist with promoting ethical decisions amongst health care providers. These committees review medical records and hold meeting to determine case specific information and communicate between healthcare providers and families at time. The committee will write recommendations based on case information regarding any ethical dilemma that may have arisen during the patients care. (Pearlman, 2010).Many ethical dilemmas will arise during a nurse’s career. Being equipped and knowledgeable in resolving the dilemma is important. It is important to remember that breaching patient confidentiality is against the Nursing Code of Ethics and should be avoided if possible. However, there are times that a nurse is legally liable to make a breach in confidentiality. This type of dilemma should be resolved by causing the least amount of harm to our patients. (Purtilo, 2010) References American Nurses Association (2012). Code of Ethics For Nurses with Interpretive Statements. , retrieved April 2013. , http://nursingworld. org Pearlman, R. A. (2010). Ethics Committees and Ethics Consultation. In (pp. -). University of Washington School of Medicine. , retrieved, April 2013. , http://depts.. washington. edu/bioethics/topics/ethics. html Purtilo, R. & Doherty,R. (2011). . In Ethical Dimensions in the Health Professions (p. ). , retrieved, April 2013. , http://pageburst. elsevier. com/books/978-4377-0896-7/outline/Root

Argument Euthanasia essays

Argument Euthanasia essays Public opinion for euthanasia and doctor assisted suicide has always been mixed. A poll that was taken by the Gallup Organization in Canada during July 1995 proves that people are starting to see the advantages of euthanasia. The first question that was asked was: "When a person has an incurable disease that is immediately life threatening and causes that person to experience great suffering, do you, or do you not think that competent doctors should be allowed by law to end the patient's life through mercy killing, if the patient has made a It is proven in this first question that the general public believes that cases of great pain and suffering deserve the right to choose euthanasia as an option to stop the pain. Three quarters of the people surveyed believed that the choice should be given to the patient. The second question was about non-immediate life threatening cases: "When a person has an incurable disease that is not immediately life-threatening but causes that person to experience great suffering, do you, or do you not think that competent doctors should be allowed by law to end the patient's life through mercy killing, if the patient has made a formal request in writing?" As you can see, when a case is not immediately life threatening, the general publics answer is mixed. The people who answered no may be thinking of treatment that has not been tried yet or treatment that may come in the future due to new technologies. Medical Advancements: During the last 20 years, technological advancement has increased more than the advancement of the whole time of man before that. People that have the no opinion on euthanasia may be thinking that the person may be saved by a sudden medical advancement. It would be terrible for a member of your family to take a lethal dose of drugs, given to them by a doctor, to find the next day ...

Individual Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Individual Assignment - Essay Example Nonetheless, in practice subsidiaries differ respectably in what they do and how they share in global techniques. This variety of subsidiary parts inside a MNE relies on upon both the MNE's global system and assets and the accessibility and character of assets gained entrance to by regional standards; at the end of the day on the cooperation of Firm-particular and nation particular focal points. . In this way, MNEs make linkages between their differing subsidiaries that thusly misuse chances in various types of nearby connections. Hence, subsidiaries shift as for the business sectors into which they offer: domesticated or worldwide. Subsequently, we propose to grow the plans of the IR skeleton to comprehend the determinants of subsidiary technique by including fare introduction as a third measurement in our IR system. Over here we will be discussing the IR framework of five individual companies, namely IBM, Google, Samsung Electronics, Huawei and Toyota as to where do they fall in th e framework and do they decide on their respective strategies accordingly. 1. Assuming you are a senior manager of the parent firm, below, in which cell of the integration/ responsiveness (I/R) framework would you place the corporate strategy of each of the following five MNEs: a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   IBM b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Toyota c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Huawei d)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Samsung Electronics e)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Google The Integrated- Responsiveness framework is used to explore and explain the management challenges of all types of multinational enterprises (MNEs). However, it was originally developed, and has predominantly been applied, to examine and explain strategic and organizational dilemmas in product-oriented manufacturing firms. The below given diagram makes it clearer. In the case of IBM, it is a widespread Information technology company. They need to follow a transnational strategy which falls in the third quadrant with high global integration and high resp onsiveness. The same should be followed by Toyota as it is a worldwide manufacturer of automobiles. Huawei and Samsung are both in into electronics and computers; even they will fall in the category of following the transnational strategy. Google is the most popular international search engine over the world. They have operations across all the continents. They also fall under the category of transnational organisation. 2. What is the appropriate organisational structure consistent with the strategy of each of the five firms in Question 1? As discussed above, IBM, Toyota, Google, Samsung & Huawei, all fall under the transnational technique, they need to design their organisational structure appropriately. The real issue confronting associations that utilize a transnational structure is unpredictability, which is prone to meddle with their deliberations to realize integration and coordination at different levels. To address the issue of integration and coordination concerns, they mig ht as well receive new organizational structures, for example, measured and virtual structures. Virtual Structure In a measured structure, one can differentiate centre and non-centre capacities of their business and keep tabs on centre capacities while outsourcing all non-centre capacities. In virtual organizations, representatives work comprehensively from distinctive

Environmental Challenges, Solutions and Recommendations Research Paper

Environmental Challenges, Solutions and Recommendations - Research Paper Example Major Issues and Challenges in the Environmental Portfolio All around Australia, different states are experiencing problems regarding the management of the environment. This section will analyze the environmental challenges and their impact on the country. Water pollution The most common environmental problem in Australia is the issue of water pollution (Reisser & Pattiaratchi, 2013). There is widespread pollution in rivers, water bodies and in the oceanic waters surrounding the country. Water pollution is especially widespread in cities neighbouring the sea. The Australian coastline is polluted by wastes such as plastics and wastes from industries. It is estimated that every square kilometer of the country’s sea area contains over 4,000 pieces of plastic waste (Reisser & Pattiaratchi, 2013). The plastics drain into the sea from inland waters that flow through residential areas and flow into the sea. Industries have contributed to water pollution by dumping industrial waste into the sea or rivers. Stormwater contributes to pollution by draining harmful substances from the land and into the sea (OEH, 2015). Spillages from sewage drainage systems and waste treatment plants end up in water bodies resulting in further pollution. Oil spillages may b e infrequent but they still contribute to water pollution. Water pollution has led to a deterioration of the marine ecosystem leading to the reduction in the population of aquatic organisms (Forstner & Wittmann, 2012, pp.91-93).